c. 200 BCE
A jar, copper and iron:Charge, maybe.



The Baghdad jar is a disputed find: some think it stored charge, others do not. Shown as an open question.
c. 1200
Iron bands on clay:Fire, held.



Symbolic: long before batteries, people contained what they feared.
c. 1800
Volta's pile:Steady current.



Alessandro Volta, 1800. Dates approximate.
1859
Lead-acid cell:Power, boxed.



Gaston Planté, 1859: the first rechargeable battery.
c. 1910
Battery houses:Distance, drawn.



Safety by distance: the industry learned to keep stored energy away from people.
1976
The lithium coin cell:Denser, riskier.



Lithium primary cells spread in the 1970s; rechargeable lithium-ion reached the market in 1991, bringing higher density and new risks.
c. 2010
Thermal blankets:Still flammable.



Protection at its peak: layers of apparatus around a lithium-ion system.
c. 2020
Four constraints remain:Still fenced.



Thermal risk, dangerous-goods shipping, concentrated supply chains and set-back distances.
Today
Today's options:Trade-offs, still.



Comparisons are between chemistry classes, not companies.
2026 · concept
Rechargeable alkaline zinc:Non-Combustible.



A water-based chemistry that cannot enter thermal runaway. QED products are in development.
Gen 1 + 2 · concept
Non-combustible. Non-toxic:Home, first.




Concept illustrations. Generation 1: grid, BESS and residential storage. Generation 2 adds interior home units and electronics.
Gen 3 · concept
No lithium. No cobalt:Motion, next.





Concept illustrations. Generation 3 is high capacity and density for mobility: EVs, power tools, mobile storage and humanoids.

Our promise
Absolute Safety. Absolute Energy.
A chemistry that cannot enter thermal runaway, rechargeable energy with no lithium and no cobalt, and materials that come back around.
Absolute Safety
Cannot enter thermal runaway
A water-based electrolyte. Non-combustible and non-toxic.
Absolute Energy
Rechargeable, and fully recyclable
No lithium, no cobalt. All raw materials sourced from Canada and the US.
Absolute Safety, Absolute Energy.
Next
Follow the development.
QED is in development. Tell us what you are working on, or ask to be kept informed as milestones are reached.
